genes

Craig Venter said that the discovery would make patents on single genes less useful.

克瑞格-温特说,这一发现使单基因专利的用途大为减少.

A Genome is the name for the full complement of genes in an organism.

基因组是指某一生物的全部基因.

mutated genes

发生变异的基因

There are two primary ways that genes can be used to treat disease.

有两种可以利用基因治病的主要方法.

The technique has been to mutate the genes by irradiation or chemicals

该技术是通过放射线照射或者使用化学方法使基因变异。

Natural selection ensures only the fittest survive to pass their genes on to the next generation.

自然选择确保只有最适应环境的物种得以存活下来，把基因传给下一代。

More studies will be required before we know what the functions of these genes are and whether they relate to each other.

要弄清这些基因的功能以及它们彼此之间是否关联，我们还需要开展更多的研究。

The technique has been to mutate the genes by irradiation or chemicals.

该技术是通过放射线照射或者使用化学方法使基因变异。

This time, instead of breeding plants with their closest relatives , scientists are inserting genes.

这一次, 不是用近亲植物杂交法,而是插入基因.

" If there are 30,000 genes, then maybe there's a tenfold increase in the number of proteins. "

他说, “ 如果只有3万个基因, 那么蛋白质数目就可能增加到10倍. ”

For example, genes from flounders can help ordinary plants like tomatoes and strawberries fight the cold.

例如比目鱼基因可以帮助像西红柿和草莓之类的普通植物抗寒.

Their work includes the identification of genes which govern the growth rate and fertility.

他们的工作包括找出那些控制生长率和繁殖能力的基因。

Genes, made up of DNA, are information in the cells of our body.

由DNA组成的基因是我们身体细胞中的信息。

Now they are trying to figure out what molecular signaling processes activate those seed-building genes in resurrection plants — and how to reproduce them in crops.

如今，她们正试图弄清楚哪些分子信号转导过程激活了复苏植物的种子发育基因——以及如何将其复制到农作物上。

Variation among humans is limited to the possible permutations of our genes.

人类的变异受限于我们的基因可能存在哪些排列。

Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are.

就人类而言，文化不仅影响着我们的生活方式，而且还被写进了我们的基因里，影响着我们成为怎样的人。

Embryonic development seems to be controlled principally by a very small number of master genes.

胚胎发育似乎主要受制于少数主导基因。

We could carry that one step further by taking the same genes and putting them into another crop.

我们可以再进一步：取出相同的基因，并将它们植入另一植株。

His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab, it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.

他的研究表明,当知更鸟暴露在夜间的灯光下时,会导致一些基因在错误的时间活跃。

For this reason they are sometimes called jumping genes.

由于这个原因,它们同时又被称为跳跃基因.

You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time.

你从父母那儿获得优良的基因, 所以能够活得很长.

Dr Haseltine still believes there are more than 100,000 human genes.

黑塞尔廷博士仍然相信人类基因有10万多个.

Two nonallelic genes affect the same character and enhance each other's effect.

两个非等位基因影响同一性并能增强彼此的效应.

Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes.

它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能.

Genes are those tiny bits of biological information swapped in sexual reproduction.

基因是在有性繁殖中交换的微小生物信息。

Their work includes the identification of genes which govern the growth rate and fertility

他们的工作包括找出那些控制生长率和繁殖能力的基因。

More studies will be required before we know what the functions of these genes are and whether they relate to each other

要弄清这些基因的功能以及它们彼此之间是否关联，我们还需要开展更多的研究。

I've always enjoyed music ─ it's in the genes.

我向来喜欢音乐，这是拜父母所赐。

Scientists would soon be able to manipulate human genes to control the ageing process.

科学家们很快将能通过操控人类基因来控制衰老过程。

Genes determine the characteristics of every living thing.

基因决定每个生物的特征。