fistulas

Conclusion: The gracilis muscle transposition is a safe and effective method of treating complex perianal fistulas.

结论: 股薄肌转位介植治疗是一种对复杂肛周瘘的安全且有效的方法.

Methods Four patients who had traumatic dural arteriovenous fistulas were treated with guglielmi detachable coils ( GDC), co-axial detachable balloon catheter and PVA particles respectively by endovascular embolization technology.

方法对4例TDAVF分别采用可脱性球囊技术、电解微弹簧圈（GDC）和PVA颗粒进行血管内栓塞治疗。

Objective To discuss management and early preventive methods for distal choledoch duodenum fistulas.

目的探讨胆总管下端十二指肠瘘的早期诊断、治疗与预防方法.

There was only unkeratinized stratified epithelium or keratinized stratified squamous epithelium in the rectal end of the fistula or the urogenital fistula of low anorectal malformations, Those fistulas might be considered as an ectopic anal canal.

有瘘型肛门闭锁及低位肛门闭锁直肠远端或瘘管内覆未角化的复层上皮或角化的鳞状上皮，为正常肛管的异位。

Methods Tunica vaginalis flap from the scrotum were used to wrap the reconstructed urethra in the 38 cases of hypospadias urethroplasty and urethral fistulas repair from 2002. Results All of cases were followed up for six months to one year.

方法2002年起对38例尿道下裂手术和术后尿道瘘，采用睾丸鞘膜下组织蒂鞘膜瓣覆盖修复。

Obstetric fistulas are caused by obstructed childbirth.

产瘘主要是由滞产造成。

Objective To explore the possibility of early definitive operation for enteric fistulas.

目的探索在肠外瘘发生的早期施行确定性手术的可能性。

Absolute ethyl alcohol perfusion for pancreatic fistulas caused by external drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts

纯酒精灌注治疗胰腺假性囊肿外引流术后胰瘘

Imaging evaluation of simple pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas ( report of 5 cases)

单纯型肺动静脉瘘的影像学评价（附5例报告）

Of 10 patients undergoing diversion enterostomy and 9 of 11 patients with conservative treatment were cured in 21 cases of low intestinal fistulas.

低位肠瘘21例，其中10例行肠造口粪便转流术7例获愈，另11例保守治疗9例成功，2例死亡。

Objective To introduce the experience about endovascular treatment of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas ( CCF ) .

目的介绍治疗 颈内 动脉海绵窦瘘的经验和体会.

Objective: To explore the application of the urethral bulbocavernous muscle flap for repairing female patients with complicated urinary fistulas.

目的：探讨应用尿道球海绵体肌瓣修补女性复杂尿瘘的可行性。

Purpose : To discuss the methods of treatment for different types of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas ( TCCF ).

目的: 探讨不同类型的创伤性 颈内 动脉海绵窦瘘的介入治疗方法.

Objective To explore the therapy for pancreatic fistulas caused by external drainage for pancreatic pseudocysts.

目的探讨胰腺假性囊肿外引流术后胰瘘的治疗方法。