contiguous disk

Partitions are containers that consist of contiguous sectors on the disk; partitions are defined by simple data structures.

分区是由磁盘上相邻扇区组成的容器，分区是由简单数据结构定义的。

Because these blocks are contiguous on the disk, there's better read and write performance for them.

由于这些块在磁盘上是连续的，其读取和写入的性能就会更好。

Journaling is the process of logging changes to the file system through a journal ( which is a dedicated circular log on a contiguous region of the disk).

日志记录就是通过日记（磁盘上相邻区域的专门循环记录）记录文件系统的变更的过程。

Ext4 fixes this with a block allocator that allocates multiple blocks at a time, likely contiguous on disk.

ext4使用块分配器修复了这个问题，它能够在磁盘上一次分配多个块。

In particular, if a bunch of new data is being appended to a single file, XFS can allocate a single, contiguous region on disk to store this data.

尤其是，如果要将一批新数据添加到单一文件，XFS可以在磁盘上分配一个单一、相邻区域来储存这些数据。